음료수의 벤젠에 관한 FDA 의 입장.
관련된 FDA 의 편지에서 인용한 논문이 두개가 있는데 (FDA 가 여러가지 식품의 벤젠함량을 조사하여 발표한 논문)
McNeal et al., J. AOAC Intl. 76. 1213-1219 (1993).
Page et al. J. AOAC Intl. 75. 334-340 (1992).
이 논문들은 원문을 볼 방법이 없다. 다만 Abstract 는 구할 수 있는데
1 ug/kg = 1 ng/g = 1 ppb
를 유의하시고 보시면 되겠습니다.
첫번째 논문에 달걀이 상당히 높은 벤젠함량을 보여주는데 여성환경연대가 보면 달걀 (최대 1900 ppb) 도 다 회수하라고 그러겠다.
두번째 논문에서 인상적인 것은, 어떤 종류의 과일 (가령 크렌베리) 은 천연 안식향산을 포함하고 있는데 이런 과일에서도 벤젠이 발견됐는데 꽤 많다는 것 (0.66 ppb).
Survey of benzene in foods by using headspace concentration techniques and capillary gas chromatography. McNeal, Timothy P.; Nyman, Patricia J.; Diachenko, Gregory W.; Hollifield, Henry C. Div. Food Chem. Technol., U.S. Food Drug Adm., Washington, DC, USA. Journal of AOAC International (1993), 76(6), 1213-19.
Recently, the combination of sodium or potassium benzoate with ascorbic acid was shown to produce low evels (ng/g) of benzene in fruit-flavored soft drinks. The presence of benzene also was reported in butter, ggs, meat, and certain fruits; levels of these findings ranged from 0.5 ng/g in butter to 500-1900 ng/g in eggs. Because benzoates are widely used as food preservatives, a limited survey of other foods contg. added benzoate salts was conducted to investigate the potential for benzene formation. Selected foods that did not contain added benzoates but were previously reported to contain benzene were analyzed for comparison. More than 50 foods were analyzed by purge-and-trap or static headspace concn. and capillary gas chromatog. Benzene was quantitated by using the method of std. addns., and its identity was confirmed by mass selective detection. Results of this limited survey show that foods without added benzoates (including eggs) contained benzene at levels equal to or less than 2 ng/g. Slightly higher levels were present in some foods and beverages contg. both ascorbic acid and sodium benzoate.
A survey of benzene in fruits and retail fruit juices, fruit drinks, and soft drinks. Page, B. Denis; Conacher, Henry B. S.; Weber, Dorcas; Lacroix, Gladys. Food Res. Div., Bur. Chem. Saf., Ottawa, ON, Can. Journal of AOAC International (1992), 75(2), 334-40.
Recent findings of benzene in several fruit-flavored mineral waters at low mg/kg levels, reportedly arising from added benzoate, have prompted a survey of various fruits, juices, and drinks for traces of benzene. Headspace sampling, capillary gas chromatog., and mass spectrometric detection enabled detection with confirmation (full-scan spectrum) of benzene amts. as low as 0.03 mg/kg. With selected ion monitoring, the method detection limit was 0.02 ug/kg, i.e., 3 times the anal. blank. In total, 97 samples were analyzed. Benzene was found at levels ranging from 0.018 to 3.83 ug/kg. Samples labeled to contain added benzoate or believed to contain natural benzoate, such as cranberries, were found to contain benzene at higher levels (n = 41, av. 0.66 ug/kg) than other samples (n = 32, av. 0.082 ug/kg). Av. levels of benzene in fruits (as expressed juice), in juices with and without benzoate, in noncarbonated drinks with and without benzoate, and in soft drinks with and without benzoate were 0.042, 0.672, 0.056, 0.395, 0.116, 0.793, and 0.062 ug/kg, resp.
관련된 FDA 의 편지에서 인용한 논문이 두개가 있는데 (FDA 가 여러가지 식품의 벤젠함량을 조사하여 발표한 논문)
McNeal et al., J. AOAC Intl. 76. 1213-1219 (1993).
Page et al. J. AOAC Intl. 75. 334-340 (1992).
이 논문들은 원문을 볼 방법이 없다. 다만 Abstract 는 구할 수 있는데
1 ug/kg = 1 ng/g = 1 ppb
를 유의하시고 보시면 되겠습니다.
첫번째 논문에 달걀이 상당히 높은 벤젠함량을 보여주는데 여성환경연대가 보면 달걀 (최대 1900 ppb) 도 다 회수하라고 그러겠다.
두번째 논문에서 인상적인 것은, 어떤 종류의 과일 (가령 크렌베리) 은 천연 안식향산을 포함하고 있는데 이런 과일에서도 벤젠이 발견됐는데 꽤 많다는 것 (0.66 ppb).
Survey of benzene in foods by using headspace concentration techniques and capillary gas chromatography. McNeal, Timothy P.; Nyman, Patricia J.; Diachenko, Gregory W.; Hollifield, Henry C. Div. Food Chem. Technol., U.S. Food Drug Adm., Washington, DC, USA. Journal of AOAC International (1993), 76(6), 1213-19.
Recently, the combination of sodium or potassium benzoate with ascorbic acid was shown to produce low evels (ng/g) of benzene in fruit-flavored soft drinks. The presence of benzene also was reported in butter, ggs, meat, and certain fruits; levels of these findings ranged from 0.5 ng/g in butter to 500-1900 ng/g in eggs. Because benzoates are widely used as food preservatives, a limited survey of other foods contg. added benzoate salts was conducted to investigate the potential for benzene formation. Selected foods that did not contain added benzoates but were previously reported to contain benzene were analyzed for comparison. More than 50 foods were analyzed by purge-and-trap or static headspace concn. and capillary gas chromatog. Benzene was quantitated by using the method of std. addns., and its identity was confirmed by mass selective detection. Results of this limited survey show that foods without added benzoates (including eggs) contained benzene at levels equal to or less than 2 ng/g. Slightly higher levels were present in some foods and beverages contg. both ascorbic acid and sodium benzoate.
A survey of benzene in fruits and retail fruit juices, fruit drinks, and soft drinks. Page, B. Denis; Conacher, Henry B. S.; Weber, Dorcas; Lacroix, Gladys. Food Res. Div., Bur. Chem. Saf., Ottawa, ON, Can. Journal of AOAC International (1992), 75(2), 334-40.
Recent findings of benzene in several fruit-flavored mineral waters at low mg/kg levels, reportedly arising from added benzoate, have prompted a survey of various fruits, juices, and drinks for traces of benzene. Headspace sampling, capillary gas chromatog., and mass spectrometric detection enabled detection with confirmation (full-scan spectrum) of benzene amts. as low as 0.03 mg/kg. With selected ion monitoring, the method detection limit was 0.02 ug/kg, i.e., 3 times the anal. blank. In total, 97 samples were analyzed. Benzene was found at levels ranging from 0.018 to 3.83 ug/kg. Samples labeled to contain added benzoate or believed to contain natural benzoate, such as cranberries, were found to contain benzene at higher levels (n = 41, av. 0.66 ug/kg) than other samples (n = 32, av. 0.082 ug/kg). Av. levels of benzene in fruits (as expressed juice), in juices with and without benzoate, in noncarbonated drinks with and without benzoate, and in soft drinks with and without benzoate were 0.042, 0.672, 0.056, 0.395, 0.116, 0.793, and 0.062 ug/kg, resp.
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